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Healing Plants of Nigeria: Ethnomedicine and Therapeutic Applications (Traditional Herbal Medicines for Modern Times)

Healing Plants of Nigeria: Ethnomedicine and Therapeutic Applications (Traditional Herbal Medicines for Modern Times)

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Introduction

Part One
1. The Practice of Medicine in Africa 

  1. 1.1  Introduction
  2. 1.2  History and Practice of Traditional African Medicine
  3. 1.2.1 Types of Healers in African Traditional Health Care
  4. 1.3  Te Rise of Allopathic Medicine in Nigeria.

References

2. Medicine, Culture and Health Belief Systems 

  1. 2.1  Te Concept and Meaning of Culture
  2. 2.2  African Traditional Beliefs on Health and Causes of Disease
  3. 2.3  Infuence of Cultural Beliefs on Health and Illness Behaviour

References

3. Trees

  1. 3.1  Azadirachtaindica
  2. 3.2  Alstoniaboonei
  3. 3.3  Bombaxboenopozens
  4. 3.4  Borassusaethiopum
  5. 3.5  Casuarinaequisetifolia
  6. 3.6  Citrusaurantiifolia
  7. 3.7  Citruslimon
  8. 3.8  Cussoniabarteri
  9. 3.9  Dacryodes edulis
  10. 3.10  Dialiumguineense
  11. 3.11  Desplatsiadewevrei
  12. 3.12  Ficuselastica
  13. 3.13  Entadaafricana
  14. 3.14  Entandrophragmaangolense
  15. 3.15  Eucalyptusofcinalis
  16. 3.16  Rothmanniahispida
  17. 3.17  Sennasiamea
  18. 3.18  Spondiasmombin
  19. 3.19  Stereospermumkunthianum
  20. 3.20  Syzygium samarangense
  21. 3.21  Tectona grandis
  22. 3.22  Terminaliasuperba
  23. 3.23  Terminaliaivorensis.
  24. 3.24  Teobromacacao
  25. 3.25  Voacanga africana
  26. 3.26  Zanthoxylumzanthoxyloides

References

4. Shrubs 

  1. 4.1  Cajanuscajan
  2. 4.2  Calotropisprocera
  3. 4.3  Carpolobia lutea
  4. 4.4  Clerodendrumsplendens
  5. 4.5  Cochlospermumplanchonii
  6. 4.6  Hibiscusrosa-sinensis
  7. 4.7  Ixorafnlaysoniana
  8. 4.8  Ixoracoccinea
  9. 4.9  Lawsoniainermis
  10. 4.10  Mimosa pigra
  11. 4.11  Ocimumkilimandscaricum
  12. 4.12  Securinegavirosa
  13. 4.13  Sennaalata
  14. 4.14  Tevetianeriifolia

4.15 Vernoniaamygdalina

References

5. Forbs 

  1. 5.1  Acalypha ciliata.
  2. 5.2  Acanthospermumhispidum
  3. 5.3  Aframomumalboviolaceum
  4. 5.4  Ageratumconyzoides
  5. 5.5  Aloevera
  6. 5.6  Anchomanesdiformis
  7. 5.7  Artemisia annua
  8. 5.8  Aspiliaafricana
  9. 5.9  Asystasia gigantica
  10. 5.10  Boerhaviadifusa
  11. 5.11  Bryophyllumpinnatum
  12. 5.12  Caladiumbicolor
  13. 5.13  Caricapapaya
  14. 5.14  Chamaecristamimosoides
  15. 5.15  Chromolaenaodorata
  16. 5.16  Citrulluscolocynthis
  17. 5.17  Cleomeviscosa
  18. 5.18  Curcuma aeruginosa
  19. 5.19  Daturastramomium
  20. 5.20  Dioscoreaalata
  21. 5.21  Dioscoreacayenensis
  22. 5.22  Euphorbiahirta
  23. 5.23  Euphorbiaheterophylla
  24. 5.24  Hybanthusenneaspermus
  25. 5.25  Jatrophacurcas

References

6. Grasses 

  1. 6.1  Axonopuscompressus
  2. 6.2  Brachiarianigropedata
  3. 6.3  Chlorispilosa
  4. 6.4  Dactylocteniumaegyptium
  5. 6.5  Digitariaspp
  6. 6.6  Eragrostistenella
  7. 6.7  Echonochloaspp.
  8. 6.8  Eragrostistremula
  9. 6.9  Imperatacylindrica
  10. 6.10  Oplismenusburmannii
  11. 6.11  Panicummaximum
  12. 6.12  Panicumlatifolium
  13. 6.13  Paspalumscrobiculatum
  14. 6.14  Pennisetumpurpureum
  15. 6.15  Saccharumofcinarum
  16. 6.16  Setarialongiseta

6.17  Setaria pumila

6.18 Sorghumbicolor

6.19 Sporobolusindicus

6.20Tridax procumbens

6.21 Zeamays

References

Part Two Application of Medicinal Plants for Specifc Diseases

7. Medicinal Plants for Malaria and Parasitic Infections

7.1 Malaria Signs and Symptoms of Malaria

7.1.2  Malaria Control in Nigeria

7.1.3 Phytotherapy of Malaria

7.1.4 Major Herbs Used for Malaria Treatment in Nigeria

Bryophyllumpinnatum(Crassulaceae)

Hibiscussabdarifa(Malvaceae)

Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae)

Phyllanthusamarus(Phyllanthaceae)

Parkiabiglobosa(Fabaceae)

Ficusexasperata(Moraceae)

7.1.4.1 Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae)

7.1.4.2 Alstonia boonei (Apocynaceae)

7.1.4.3 Argemone mexicana (Papaveraceae)

7.1.4.4 Cochlospermum planchonii (Bixaceae)

7.1.4.5 Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Apocynaceae)

7.1.4.6 Ocimum gratissimum (Lamiaceae)

7.1.4.7 Picralima nitida (Apocynaceae)

7.1.4.8 Vernonia amygdalina (Asteraceae)

7.1.4.9 Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae)

7.1.4.10 Naucleaspp.(Rubiaceae)

7.1.4.11 Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae)

7.1.4.12 Artemisia annua (Asteraceae, Compositae)

7.2 Other Neglected Tropical Diseases

7.2.1 Leishmaniasis

7.2.2 Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)

7.2.3 Elephantiasis (Lymphatic Filariasis)

7.2.4 Buruli Ulcer

7.2.5 Tuberculosis

References

8. Nigerian Plants with Application in the Treatment of High Blood Pressure 

Bryophyllumpinnatum(Crassulaceae)

Hibiscussabdarifa(Malvaceae)

Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae)

Phyllanthusamarus(Phyllanthaceae)

Parkiabiglobosa(Fabaceae)

Ficusexasperata(Moraceae)

8.7  Alliumsativum(Amaryllidaceae)

8.8  Alliumcepa(Amaryllidaceae)

8.9  Rauwolfavomitoria(Apocynaceae)

8.10  Psidiumguajava(Myrtaceae)

8.11  Teobromacacao(Malvaceae)

8.12  Solanumlycopersicum(Solanaceae)

8.13 Camelliasinensis(Teaceae)

References

  1. Nigerian Healing Plants Used for Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, and Diabetes 
    1. 9.3  High Blood Triglycerides.
    2. 9.4  Diabetes
    3. 9.5  Integrative Approach to the Management of Metabolic

      Syndrome and Associated Co-Morbidities

    4. 9.5.1 Citrus Fruits (Red Orange, Grapefruit, Orange)
    5. Red Palm Oil

      9.5.2.1 Virgin Red (VR) Palm Oil

    6. 9.5.3 Hibiscussabdarifa(Malvaceae)
    7. 9.5.4 Gnetumafricanum(Eruh,Okazi
    8. 9.5.5 Aju Mbaise
    9. 9.5.6 Kayan Shayi
    10. 9.5.7 Pepper Soups in MetS Management

    References

    9.1  Anti-Obesity Herbs

.2019.2  High Blood Cholesterol

10. Phytotherapy of HIV-AIDS and Opportunistic Infections With Nigerian Plants

10.1  Introduction

10.2  Inhibitors of HIV Reverse Transcriptase (RTase)

10.3  Non-specifc Antiviral and Immuno-Modulatory Agents

10.3.1 Moringa oleifera

10.3.2 Nigella sativa

10.3.3 Momordicacharantia

10.3.4 Garciniakola

10.3.5 Kigelia africana.

10.3.6 Terminaliasericea

References

11. Application of Nigerian Plants in Cancer Treatment 

Bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina)

Persea americana; Avocado Pear (Family: Lauraceae)

11.3  Aloe vera gel (AVG) and Aloe ferox

11.4  Ocimumgratissimum

11.5  Green Tea

11.6  Monkey kola – Genus Cola .

11.7  Teobroma cacao; Cocoa (Family: Malvaceae)

11.8  Andrographis paniculata; King of bitters (Family: Acanthaceae)

11.9  Nigella sativa; black seed, black cumin (Family: Ranunculaceae)

References

12. Control of Oxidative Stress and Chronic Infammation with Nigerian Plants

12.1  Introduction .

12.2  Nigerian Plants with Anti-Infammatory Properties .

12.3  Profle of Selected Nigerian Plants Used in the Treatment of InfammatoryDiseases

12.3.1 Bridelia ferruginea

12.3.2 Turmeric.

12.3.3 Prunusafricanum.

12.3.4 Tinosporacordifolia

12.3.5 Garcinia kola; Bitter Kola (Kolaviron)(Family: Clusiaceae)

12.3.6 Ginger (Zingiber ofcinalis)

12.3.7 Te Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) – PalmFruit Bioactives

12.3.8 Delonix regia; Flame of the Forest, Flamboyant Bark,Royal Poinciana (Family: Fabaceae)

12.3.9 Carica papaya; Paw-Paw, Papaya (Family: Caricaceae)

12.3.10 Spilanthesafricana

12.3.11 Pterocarpus soyauxii (Oha)

12.3.12 Andrographis paniculata; King of Bitters(Family: Acanthaceae)

References

13. Skin Care, Dental, Oral Care and Cosmeceuticals from Nigerian Plants 

13.1  Introduction – Te Skin

13.2  Natural Personal Care .

13.2.1 Skin Conditions and Chronic Skin Diseases

13.3  Major Nigerian Plants Used in the Preparation of Polyherbal Skin-Care or Cosmeceutical Products

13.4  Dental and Oral Care Plant Products

13.4.1 Chewing Sticks

13.4.2 Plants Used for Other Oral Diseases and Conditions

References

14. Nigerian Healing Plants in Global Trade

14.1  Herb and Medicinal Plant Value Chain in Nigeria. . . . . . . . . .

14.2  Market Structure and Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14.3  Major Nigerian Plants in Global Trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14.3.1  Aframomum melegutta, Alligator Pepper or Grains of Paradise (Family: Zingiberaceae). . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14.3.2  Azanza garckeana; Silky Kola, Goron Tula
(Tula Kola nut), Kayan Mata (Family: Malvaceae). .

14.3.3  Tetrapleura tetraptera; Aridan (Yoruba: Prekese (Prɛkɛsɛ); Igbo: Ohikogho) (Family: Fabaceae)

14.3.4  Parkia biglobosa; Locust Beans (Dawa-Dawa) (Family:Fabaceae) 

14.3.5  Cajanus cajan; Pigeon Pea (Family: Fabaceae)

14.3.6  Curcuma longa; Turmeric (Family: Zingiberaceae)

14.3.7  Ocimum gratissimum; Scent Leaf (Family: Lamiaceae)

14.3.8  Garcinia kola; Bitter Kola (Family: Clusiaceae)

14.3.9  Vernonia amygdalina; Bitter Leaf (Family: Asteraceae)

14.3.10  Irvingia gabonensis; Ogbono seeds (Family: Irvingiaceae)

14.3.11  Moringa oleifera; Tree of Life (Family: Moringaceae)

14.3.12  Hibiscus sabdarifa; Zobo (Family: Malvaceae)

14.3.13  Xylopia aethiopica; Ethiopian Pepper (Family: Annonaceae)

14.3.14  Zingiber ofcinale; Ginger (Family: Zingiberaceae).

References

Index

Taxonomic

Index

 

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